拉锻式摩擦塞焊的热力耦合解析模型和试验验证

为快速得到拉锻式摩擦塞焊的焊接工艺参数，对焊接过程进行预测，建立了摩擦塞焊过程的扭矩、轴向力、功率和能量等指标的力学模型和热力耦合解析模型。模型的输入量为焊接塞棒的几何参数、材料属性、焊接转速和进给速度，输出量为焊接过程的扭矩、轴向力、功率和能量等。在自主设计的拉锻式摩擦塞焊设备上进行了焊接试验。通过将试验数据的输入和输出指标与理论模型值进行对比分析，验证了理论解析模型的可行性。     

焊接热输入对2219薄板铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

针对2219薄板铝合金,采用不同焊接热输入的TIG焊开展了对比试验,分析了焊接接头的力学性能、组织形貌和断裂特征。研究结果表明,单道焊比双道焊的接头抗拉强度的平均值提高了19.6%,断后伸长率基本相同;双道焊的接头在熔合线附近,焊缝区形成柱状枝晶,组织大小不一、形状不规则,热影响区晶粒粗化,几何形态变化,组织形态不均匀,接头在焊接温度升高时,晶粒粗化,强度降低,断口呈现了沿晶界撕裂扩展的痕迹,局部呈“河流花样”特征;单道焊的接头在熔合线附近,焊缝区等轴晶分布较多,组织均匀一致,晶粒细小,接头在经历了加热、快速冷却、常温放置后,强化相溶于固溶体,Cu原子扩散、聚集,产生点阵畸变,晶粒得到细化,强度升高,断口呈现了典型的塑形断裂痕迹,韧窝形态明显。     

Preparation of self-lubricating porous alumina ceramics with PMMA /PAO6 microcapsules and their tribological properties

In this work, we showed that immersing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/poly alpha olefins (PAO6) microcapsules into the porous matrix can improve the lubrication properties of porous alumina ceramics dramatically. PMMA/PAO6 microcapsules were synthesized by microemulsion polymerization, and the microcapsules were immersed in the porous alumina ceramic matrix by vacuum impregnation. The lubrication behaviors of the porous alumina ceramics with PMMA/PAO6 microcapsules have been investigated under different loads. As compared with the unprocessed porous alumina ceramics, the coefficient of friction (COF) of the porous ceramics impregnated with microcapsules could be reduced to 4% of that without microcapsules, and the wear rate could be reduced by two orders of magnitude. No obvious change of the COF was noticed for the matrices with different pore sizes. The good self-lubrication properties were achieved by releasing the PAO6 in the microcapsules during the friction process.     

Electromagnetic coupling field strengthening of WC-TiC-Co cermet tools

This work proposes the application of pulsed electromagnetic coupling field processing (EMCFP) to enhance the lifetime and cutting performance of WC-15TiC-6Co cermet tool for the first time. Firstly, the developed electromagnetic field coupling equipment is introduced, the treatment process is analyzed, and the magnetization characteristics of WC-15TiC-6Co cermet tool are evaluated. Secondly, the strengthening effect of the EMCFP treatment is demonstrated by mechanical properties testing and cutting experiments, which reveal that the optimally treated tools exhibit a fracture toughness increased by 18%, an average cutting temperature decreased by 10%, and a friction coefficient for the rank face decreased by 7.9%. Collectively, these enhancements result in a tool lifetime increased by a factor of 1.92 relative to the lifetime of untreated tools. In addition, the results of simulation demonstrate that the simultaneously pulsed magnetic and electric fields contribute toward greater magnetic flux density and current density on the surface of the WC-15TiC-6Co cermet tool than would be obtained from the magnetic and electric fields alone.     

Negative thermal quenching CsPbBr3 glass-ceramic based on intrinsic radiation and vacancy defect co-induced dual-emission

Halide perovskite glass-ceramic has recently moved into the center of the attention of perovskite research due to their potential for temperature sensing. However, quantum dots glass-ceramic with excellent luminescence performance still needs to be combined with rare-earth (RE) ions to accurately measure temperature. In this work, a novel non-RE doped dual-emission (460 nm and 512 nm) CsPbBr₃ quantum dots was obtained in telluride glass via the friction crystallization method, where 512 nm was derived from intrinsic luminescence of quantum dots, and 460 nm was originated from thermally induced bromine vacancy, which can be used for temperature sensing. Fluorescence intensity ratio results indicate that the relative sensitivity of dual-emission could reach 5.6 % K^?1 at 323 K. The discovery of non-RE doped CsPbBr₃ QDs glass-ceramic with negative thermal quenching uncovers a new optional sensing glass material that surpass traditional RE-doped QDs glass by their tunability and sensitivity.     

基于数值模拟的挤压参数对AZ91镁合金管转角焊合室分流挤压焊合压力的影响规律研究

提出了一种镁合金管材转角焊合室分流挤压新工艺，该工艺可在有效延长焊合室长度和焊合时间前提下保证舌针刚度，从而保证管材尺寸精度，并且可通过转角剪切变形机制增加预焊合金属变形量和动态再结晶程度，从而有利于提高管材性能和焊缝焊合性能。利用有限元法揭示了转角焊合室分流挤压成形过程中金属的流动特征，应变分布特征和焊合室内的静水压力分布特征。结果表明，整个挤压过程无金属折叠，从而保证管材的表面质量；流经转角后预焊合金属变形量明显增加，有利于提高管材质量和焊缝质量。最后，研究揭示了坯料初始温度，挤压速度和模具转角对焊合室内静水压力的影响规律。结果表明，随着挤压速度的增加和模具转角的增大，转角焊合室内静水压力增大；随着坯料预热温度的增加，转角焊合室内静水压力呈先增大后减小的趋势。     

电流模式和焊接方向对316L不锈钢增材制造成形的影响研究

目的 研究电流模式和焊接方向对316L不锈钢增材制造成形、内部微观组织和硬度的影响。方法 保持其他焊接工艺参数不变，采用Pulse、SpeedPulse、SpeedPulseXT这3种电流模式及同向和往复2种焊接方向进行单道多层堆积，采用光学显微镜观察增材制造件的微观组织并用洛氏硬度计测量其硬度值。结果 采用不同电流模式和不同焊接方向会影响增材制造件的冷却速率和凝固方式，进而影响增材制造件的表面成形和力学性能。同方向焊接时，随着电流模式的改变，焊接热输入增大，液态金属的流动性和铺展行为逐渐增强，增材制造件的高度尺寸减小，宽度尺寸增大，熔合线处δ铁素体受冷却速率的影响由块状变为蠕虫状，Pulse模式存在元素偏析;往复方向焊接时，外形尺寸没有明显的变化，熔合线处δ铁素体以胞状和蠕虫状为主。硬度测试结果表明，SpeedPulse模式硬度变化最小，SpeedPulseXT模式次之，Pulse模式硬度变化最大。结论 采用MIG焊进行316L不锈钢增材制造时，不同电流模式会对增材件的成形、内部金相组织和硬度产生影响。采用同方向焊接比往复方向焊接对增材件形貌的影响更大。     

水下湿法焊接工艺在沉船打捞工程中的应用

针对某次沉船事故打捞方案中需要在水下焊接扳正桩头的情况,设计了原桩头1/4尺寸的缩比模型,为验证水下焊接质量,在不同焊接规范下对缩比模型进行焊接,并对焊后试件的力学性能进行了检测。结果表明,在该焊接规范下所焊试件的焊缝成形良好,目测无明显缺陷,所设计试件结构的承载拉力达到了设计承载力的2倍,且焊接效率较高,能在短时间内完成施焊工作,实现了预期设计目标。     

船用铝-钢复合过渡接头焊接试验研究

通过模拟焊后热处理试验,分析了界面温度与界面结合强度的关系,并以此为基础进行了船用铝-钢复合过渡接头焊接工艺试验。试验结果表明,铝-钢复合过渡接头焊后的组织和性能均能满足相关标准和产品技术协议的指标要求。